Linde (LIN) R&D US GAAP (year values)

FY2021 FY2022 FY2023 FY2024 FY2025   LTM ? CAGR 5 years ?
R&D, bln rub 143.0 143.0 146.0 150.0 147.0   147.0  
Changes by years, y/y, % -6% 0% +2% +3% -2%     -0.7%

Linde. R&D, bln rub

Linde. R&D, changes, %

Linde. R&D, sum by quarters, bln rub

Linde (LIN) R&D US GAAP (quarter values)

FY2025Q1 FY2025Q2 FY2025Q3 FY2025Q4 FY2026Q1   LTM ?
R&D, bln rub 38.0 38.0 36.0 35.0 38.0   147.0
Changes by years, y/y, % 0% +6% -3% -10% 0%    
Changes by quarters, q/q, % -3% 0% -5% -3% +9%    

Linde. R&D, bln rub

Linde. R&D, changes, y/y, %

Linde. R&D, changes, q/q, %