PPG (PPG) R&D US GAAP (year values)

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023   LTM ? CAGR 5 years ?
R&D, bln rub 432.0 379.0 439.0 448.0 433.0   436.0  
Changes by years, y/y, % -2% -12% +16% +2% -3%     -0.4%

PPG. R&D, bln rub

PPG. R&D, changes, %

PPG. R&D, sum by quarters, bln rub

PPG (PPG) R&D US GAAP (quarter values)

2023Q2 2023Q4 2024Q1 2024Q2 2024Q3   LTM ?
R&D, bln rub 108.0 111.0 109.0 111.0 105.0   436.0
Changes by years, y/y, % -2% +7% -1% +3%    
Changes by quarters, q/q, % 0% +3% -2% +2% -5%    

PPG. R&D, bln rub

PPG. R&D, changes, y/y, %

PPG. R&D, changes, q/q, %